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"Thorny hedgehogs, be not seen": Hedgehogs in Shakespeare's plays and the early modern imagination
Edward Topsell. The historie of foure-footed beastes. 1607. FOLGER STC 24123 copy 1 While the global population of European hedgehogs (Erinaceus europaeus) is stable, their numbers have been rapidly declining in the UK for decades, especially in rural areas. This…
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Possets, drugs, and milky effects: A look at recipes, Shakespeare's plays, and other historical references
Shakespeare’s plays are full of references to food and cookery, but they’re not always very appetizing. In Hamlet, the ghost of elder Hamlet describes the effect of the poison that Claudius pours into his ears, how it winds its way…
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Verdi's Macbeth: "The opera without a love affair!"
Macbeth posta in musica da Giuseppe Verdi e per grata memoria dedicato al suo amatissimo suocero Antonio Barezzi Riduzione per Pianoforte solo de E. Muzio. . 1847. FOLGER 266549“L’opera senza amore!” That was the Italians’ reaction to Verdi’s Macbeth when…
![GlenshawMacbeth Macbeth bas-relief. Drawing by Paul Glenshaw.](https://images.folger.edu/uploads/2018/12/GlenshawMacbeth.jpg?fit=10%2C10)
Drawing Shakespeare: Macbeth
Artist Paul Glenshaw describes drawing John Gregory’s bas-relief of Macbeth, the three witches, and their cauldron, with a focus on the vast cloud of smoke made from stone. “I realized as I drew it that the smoke was as much…
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Toil and trouble: Recipes and the witches in 'Macbeth'
Shakespeare’s witches, like nearly all witches of Shakespeare’s time, have their roots in the kitchen more than in the study.
![Macbeth Ian Peakes and Kate Eastwood Norris as the tragically ambitious Macbeths. Photo by Brittany Diliberto.](https://images.folger.edu/uploads/2018/08/DSC06350_750x500.jpg?fit=10%2C10)
Quiz: Shakespeare's Macbeth? Or William Davenant's 17th-century adaptation?
Take this quiz to see if you can identify lines from Shakespeare’s Macbeth or the Restoration-era version as adapted and amended by Sir William Davenant.
![Kate Eastwood Norris Kate Eastwood Norris](https://images.folger.edu/uploads/2018/08/Kate-Eastwood-Norris-2008.jpg?fit=10%2C10)
Leading ladies, missing characters, and singing witches: Three differences between Shakespeare's 'Macbeth' and William Davenant's adaptation
Adapted by William Davenant and first performed in 1664, the version of the Scottish play taking to the Folger stage in September was the most popular one well into the 18th century despite—or perhaps because of—the numerous departures from Shakespeare’s original…
![Migdalia Cruz Migdalia Cruz](https://images.folger.edu/uploads/2018/07/playwright-migdalia-cruz.jpg?fit=10%2C10)
Play on! Q&A: Migdalia Cruz on translating 'Macbeth'
From her work translating ‘Macbeth’ for the Oregon Shakespeare Festival Play on! project, Migdalia Cruz shares reflections about ambitions, loyalty, the witches, and the porter scene.
How Restoration playwrights reshaped Shakespeare’s plays to fit changing political norms and theatrical tastes
Restoration Shakespeare was a complex theatrical experience that integrated song, music, dance, and acting; indeed, music and dance, alongside stage machines and movable scenes, were central to the success of Restoration theatre more generally.
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Excerpt: 'Macbeth' by Jo Nesbø
Read an excerpt from ‘Macbeth’, Norwegian detective crime novelist Jo Nesbø’s retelling of Shakespeare’s play, from the Hogarth Shakespeare series.
![Astor Place Riot Astor Place Riot](https://images.folger.edu/uploads/2017/05/008979-Astor-Place-Riot.jpg?fit=10%2C10)
The Astor Place riot: Shakespeare as a flashpoint for class conflict in 1849
In the whole history of Shakespeare in American life, perhaps the most shocking single fact is that 22 or more people once died as a result of a riot in New York over the correct theatrical interpretation of Macbeth.
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America's Shakespeare: The Bard goes west to Hollywood
The costumes for Alan Bates and Glenn Close in Hamlet (1990). (The Collection of Motion Picture Costume Design: Larry McQueen) Shakespeare has provided rich material for Hollywood’s film industry over the decades, from The Taming of the Shrew (1967) with…